{"id":18045,"date":"2025-03-13T10:40:36","date_gmt":"2025-03-13T09:40:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archiv.siov.sk\/?p=18045"},"modified":"2025-03-13T10:40:36","modified_gmt":"2025-03-13T09:40:36","slug":"krajiny-ktore-podporuju-uzku-spolupracu-medzi-odbornym-vzdelavanim-a-priemyslom-ziskaju-v-blizkej-buducnosti-konkurencnu-vyhodu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archiv.siov.sk\/en\/krajiny-ktore-podporuju-uzku-spolupracu-medzi-odbornym-vzdelavanim-a-priemyslom-ziskaju-v-blizkej-buducnosti-konkurencnu-vyhodu\/","title":{"rendered":"Krajiny, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa \u00fazku spolupr\u00e1cu medzi odborn\u00fdm vzdel\u00e1van\u00edm a priemyslom, z\u00edskaj\u00fa v bl\u00edzkej bud\u00facnosti konkuren\u010dn\u00fa v\u00fdhodu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ako m\u00f4\u017ee odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie a pr\u00edprava (OVP) dr\u017ea\u0165 krok s r\u00fdchlymi technologick\u00fdmi zmenami? Ak\u00fa \u00falohu by mal priemysel zohr\u00e1va\u0165 pri tvorbe u\u010debn\u00fdch osnov? \u0160vaj\u010diarska profesorka\u00a0Ursula Renold<\/strong>\u00a0z\u00a0ETH Z\u00fcrich<\/strong>, popredn\u00e1 expertka na vzdel\u00e1vacie syst\u00e9my, sa po\u010das n\u00e1v\u0161tevy Slovenska podelila o svoje znalosti v oblasti k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch strat\u00e9gi\u00ed posilnenia odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania. Viedla tu workshop s l\u00eddrami reforiem a v na\u0161om rozhovore hovor\u00ed o nov\u00fdch trendoch, v\u00fdzvach v zap\u00e1jan\u00ed mal\u00fdch a stredn\u00fdch podnikov (MSP) do vzdel\u00e1vania a potrebe priepustnosti vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edch ciest na zabezpe\u010denie dlhodob\u00e9ho vplyvu na ekonomiku.<\/p>\n

\"\"Tento rozhovor v\u00e1m prin\u00e1\u0161ame v r\u00e1mci projektu zameran\u00e9ho na zv\u00fd\u0161enie kvality a atraktivity odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania na Slovensku, ktor\u00fd sa realizuje v Programe \u0161vaj\u010diarsko-slovenskej spolupr\u00e1ce. M\u00e1me tak jedine\u010dn\u00fa pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 in\u0161pirova\u0165 sa t\u00fdmi najlep\u0161\u00edmi, ke\u010f\u017ee \u0161vaj\u010diarsky syst\u00e9m odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania je uzn\u00e1van\u00fd ako jeden z najlep\u0161\u00edch na svete.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 piliere \u00faspe\u0161nej strat\u00e9gie odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania v 21. storo\u010d\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

To je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka, preto\u017ee v 21. storo\u010d\u00ed digit\u00e1lna transform\u00e1cia z\u00e1sadne men\u00ed vzdel\u00e1vacie syst\u00e9my a trhy pr\u00e1ce po celom svete. Hlavnou v\u00fdzvou je r\u00fdchla zmena po\u017eiadaviek na kvalifik\u00e1ciu, ktor\u00e1 n\u00fati priemysel r\u00fdchlo sa prisp\u00f4sobova\u0165. Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 denn\u00e9 \u0161koly m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 probl\u00e9m udr\u017ea\u0165 tempo t\u00fdchto zmien a preto je nevyhnutn\u00e9 prehodnoti\u0165 sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm sa rozv\u00edjaj\u00fa a aktualizuj\u00fa zru\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

Rie\u0161en\u00edm je vytvori\u0165 siln\u00fa spolupr\u00e1cu s organizovan\u00fdm priemyslom, napr\u00edklad s asoci\u00e1ciami zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eov, aby sa pracovisko stalo v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edm prostred\u00edm. V\u00fdhodou tohto modelu je mo\u017enos\u0165 vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 najmodernej\u0161ie technol\u00f3gie v podnikoch. Navy\u0161e, \u017eiaci tak z\u00edskaj\u00fa pracovn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti, \u010do aj z d\u00e1t vypl\u00fdva ako k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

O\u010dak\u00e1van\u00e9 r\u00fdchle zmeny v nasleduj\u00facich 10 \u2013 20 rokoch sp\u00f4sobia, \u017ee podniky bud\u00fa \u010doraz viac vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u0165 zamestnancov s prierezov\u00fdmi zru\u010dnos\u0165ami, ako s\u00fa napr\u00edklad m\u00e4kk\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti. V\u00fdskumy ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve tieto zru\u010dnosti sa najlep\u0161ie u\u010dia na pracovisku. Preto krajiny, ktor\u00e9 \u00fazko spolupracuj\u00fa s priemyslom, z\u00edskaj\u00fa konkuren\u010dn\u00fa v\u00fdhodu, zatia\u013e \u010do tie, ktor\u00e9 tak neurobia, bud\u00fa ma\u0165 probl\u00e9my dr\u017ea\u0165 krok.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e9 strat\u00e9gie m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 mal\u00fdm a\u00a0stredn\u00fdm podnikom (MSP), ktor\u00e9 \u010dasto z\u00e1pasia s nedostatkom zdrojov, efekt\u00edvne sa zapoji\u0165 do du\u00e1lneho vzdel\u00e1vania?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je potrebn\u00e9 pochopi\u0165, \u017ee du\u00e1lny vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed syst\u00e9m \u2013 teda kombin\u00e1cia pr\u00e1ce a u\u010denia sa v\u00a0podniku \u2013 je pre spolo\u010dnos\u0165 invest\u00edcia, ktor\u00e1 sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyplati\u0165.<\/p>\n

Dobre vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd u\u010debn\u00fd pl\u00e1n, ktor\u00fd zodpoved\u00e1 potreb\u00e1m priemyslu, motivuje podniky investova\u0165 do vzdel\u00e1vania. Ak produktivita \u017eiaka v priebehu \u010dasu prev\u00fd\u0161i n\u00e1klady na invest\u00edciu do jeho vzdel\u00e1vania, podnik z\u00edska n\u00e1vratnos\u0165 tejto invest\u00edcie.<\/p>\n

V motiv\u00e1cii MSP k \u00fa\u010dasti na du\u00e1lnom vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eu pom\u00f4c\u0165 aj tr\u00e9ningov\u00e9 aliancie. Na ich koordin\u00e1ciu je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e1 l\u00eddersk\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165, obchodn\u00e1 komora alebo in\u00e1 organiz\u00e1cia, ktor\u00e1 bude zabezpe\u010dova\u0165 odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie v r\u00e1mci du\u00e1lneho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1klade mojich sk\u00fasenost\u00ed z\u00a030-tich kraj\u00edn \u2013 vr\u00e1tane pilotn\u00e9ho projektu v Nep\u00e1le \u2013 m\u00f4\u017eem poveda\u0165, \u017ee aj n\u00edzkopr\u00edjmov\u00e9 krajiny m\u00f4\u017eu \u00faspe\u0161ne zavies\u0165 model odbornej pr\u00edpravy, ktor\u00fd je pre podniky finan\u010dne v\u00fdhodn\u00fd. To dokazuje, \u017ee najlep\u0161ou motiv\u00e1ciou pre podniky investova\u0165 do vzdel\u00e1vania je preuk\u00e1zanie jeho ziskovosti.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1 sa n\u00e1vratnos\u0165 invest\u00edci\u00ed do odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania vyjadri\u0165 v raste HDP?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je to komplexn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka. Teoreticky plat\u00ed princ\u00edp fi\u0161k\u00e1lneho multiplik\u00e1tora, ktor\u00fd ukazuje, ko\u013eko m\u00f4\u017ee vygenerova\u0165 jedno euro investovan\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1tom. Av\u0161ak kv\u00f4li mnoh\u00fdm nepozorovate\u013en\u00fdm faktorom a \u010dasov\u00e9mu odstupu medzi zaveden\u00edm du\u00e1lneho syst\u00e9mu a jeho dopadom na HDP je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 stanovi\u0165 priamu kauz\u00e1lnu s\u00favislos\u0165.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 ukazovatele s\u00fa mo\u017eno konkr\u00e9tnej\u0161ie?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Priklonila by som sa k mikroekonomick\u00e9mu pr\u00edstupu, ktor\u00fd by analyzoval, \u010di vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed program prin\u00e1\u0161a konkr\u00e9tne v\u00fdhody jednotliv\u00fdm podnikom v ur\u010ditom odvetv\u00ed, napr\u00edklad vo v\u00fdrobe. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dom je vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 investi\u010dn\u00e9 a \u0161koliace n\u00e1klady a porovna\u0165 ich s produkt\u00edvnym pr\u00ednosom \u017eiaka v priebehu \u010dasu. Hoci tento pr\u00edstup zah\u0155\u0148a mnoho predpokladov, \u00faspe\u0161ne sa uplatnil v mnoh\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

\u010co sa m\u00f4\u017eeme nau\u010di\u0165 z kraj\u00edn so siln\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania, ako je napr\u00edklad \u0160vaj\u010diarsko?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podniky funguj\u00fa nielen ako vzdel\u00e1vacie prostredie, ale aj ako prognostici vo svojom odvetv\u00ed. Dok\u00e1\u017eu predpoveda\u0165 bud\u00face trendy, technol\u00f3gie a zmeny vo svojom sektore. Vedia lep\u0161ie ne\u017e v\u00fdskumn\u00edci, ktor\u00ed analyzuj\u00fa historick\u00e9 \u00fadaje, ak\u00e9 nov\u00e9 produkty, inov\u00e1cie a zru\u010dnosti bud\u00fa v nasleduj\u00facich rokoch potrebn\u00e9. Zapojenie zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eov, najm\u00e4 t\u00fdch s vlastn\u00fdm v\u00fdskumom, pom\u00e1ha formova\u0165 bud\u00face u\u010debn\u00e9 osnovy. V\u00fdskum Univerzity v Z\u00fcrichu (prof. Dr. Uschi Backes-Gellner a jej t\u00edm) poukazuje na tzv. \u201eefekt prelievania\u201c \u2013 podniky, ktor\u00e9 zav\u00e1dzaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie (napr. drony, robotiku) do programov du\u00e1lneho vzdel\u00e1vania, prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa v\u00fdhody celej krajine. Dokonca aj mal\u00e9 podniky, ktor\u00e9 tieto technol\u00f3gie nevyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa priamo, z\u00edskavaj\u00fa pr\u00edstup k nov\u00fdm poznatkom, \u010d\u00edm sa zabezpe\u010duje bud\u00faca pripravenos\u0165 pracovnej sily. Tento dynamick\u00fd syst\u00e9m udr\u017eiava odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie relevantn\u00e9 a v s\u00falade s technologick\u00fdm pokrokom.<\/p>\n

Ak\u00e9 k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 trendy bud\u00fa v\u00a0bl\u00edzkej bud\u00facnosti formova\u0165 odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie?<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 trendy s\u00fa jasn\u00e9: digit\u00e1lna transform\u00e1cia, digit\u00e1lne pracovn\u00e9 procesy a umel\u00e1 inteligencia formuj\u00fa v\u0161etky odvetvia. Podniky s\u00fa v\u017edy prv\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 prij\u00edmaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, zatia\u013e \u010do vl\u00e1dam trv\u00e1 dlh\u0161ie, k\u00fdm aktualizuj\u00fa u\u010debn\u00e9 osnovy. To vytv\u00e1ra rozdiel medzi potrebami vzdel\u00e1vania a priemyslu. Siln\u00e9 partnerstvo s podnikmi v\u0161ak, ako u\u017e bolo spomenut\u00e9, umo\u017e\u0148uje \u017eiakom u\u010di\u0165 sa priamo na pracovisku s vyu\u017eit\u00edm najmodernej\u0161\u00edch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm si zabezpe\u010dia konkuren\u010dn\u00fa v\u00fdhodu.<\/p>\n

To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pre Slovensko. Zapojen\u00edm popredn\u00fdch podnikov do tvorby vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edch programov, najm\u00e4 u\u010debn\u00fdch osnov, m\u00f4\u017ee pripravi\u0165 pracovn\u00fa silu na bud\u00face povolania. Ekonomika je stabilnej\u0161ia ako vl\u00e1dne politiky, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu meni\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u0161tyri roky. Podniky v\u0161ak, aspo\u0148 d\u00fafajme, zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa a poh\u00e1\u0148aj\u00fa dlhodob\u00fd hospod\u00e1rsky rast.<\/p>\n

Pre krajinu s mnoh\u00fdmi mal\u00fdmi a stredn\u00fdmi podnikmi je du\u00e1lne odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie nevyhnutn\u00e9, preto\u017ee tieto podniky sa \u010dasto spoliehaj\u00fa viac na prakticky zru\u010dn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov ne\u017e na univerzitn\u00fdch absolventov. Ak pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea \u013eud\u00ed skon\u010d\u00ed univerzitu bez pracovn\u00fdch sk\u00fasenost\u00ed, maj\u00fa probl\u00e9m n\u00e1js\u0165 si zamestnanie, zatia\u013e \u010do podniky z\u00e1pasia s nedostatkom kvalifikovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov. To vedie k nes\u00faladu medzi vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edm syst\u00e9mom a potrebami trhu pr\u00e1ce. Na podporu hospod\u00e1rskeho rastu sa Slovensko mus\u00ed s\u00fastredi\u0165 na du\u00e1lne vzdel\u00e1vanie, aby pripravilo viac prakticky zameran\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov, a nielen akademick\u00fdch absolventov.<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f sa \u017eiaci rozhoduj\u00fa, \u010di si vybra\u0165 odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie, je nevyhnutn\u00e9, aby pre nich bolo dostato\u010dne atrakt\u00edvne. Pre\u010do niektor\u00e9 krajiny zlyh\u00e1vaj\u00fa v atraktivite syst\u00e9mu odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania a pr\u00edpravy?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina kraj\u00edn zlyh\u00e1va, preto\u017ee vyvinuli vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed syst\u00e9m s tzv. slep\u00fdmi uli\u010dkami. Ak odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie a pr\u00edprava na strednej \u0161kole nepon\u00fakaj\u00fa jasn\u00e9 cesty pre mo\u017enosti \u010fal\u0161ieho vzdel\u00e1vania a kari\u00e9rny rast, \u017eiaci to vn\u00edmaj\u00fa ako nev\u00fdhodu. Rozdelenie schopnost\u00ed v r\u00e1mci jednej gener\u00e1cie je v jednotliv\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch pomerne konzistentn\u00e9. Akademicky nadan\u00ed jednotlivci maj\u00fa tendenciu pokra\u010dova\u0165 vo vysoko\u0161kolskom vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed, zatia\u013e \u010do viac ako polovica ro\u010dn\u00edka je \u010dasto praktickej\u0161ie zameran\u00e1 alebo vynik\u00e1 v m\u00e4kk\u00fdch zru\u010dnostiach. Ak t\u00e1to v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina nem\u00e1 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti na kari\u00e9rny rast, m\u00f4\u017ee odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie vn\u00edma\u0165 ako slep\u00fa uli\u010dku, \u010d\u00edm sa st\u00e1va menej atrakt\u00edvnym. Mlad\u00ed \u013eudia chc\u00fa vstupova\u0165 do oblast\u00ed s jasn\u00fdmi cestami pre rast. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm ch\u00fdbaj\u00facim prvkom v niektor\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch je pokro\u010dil\u00e9 profesion\u00e1lne vzdel\u00e1vanie a pr\u00edprava (PVP), ktor\u00e9 je nad r\u00e1mec odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania, ale mimo vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Siln\u00e9 neuniverzitn\u00e9 programy poskytuj\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ieho rozvoja, zabezpe\u010duj\u00fa kari\u00e9rny rast a robia odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie a pr\u00edpravu atrakt\u00edvnej\u0161ou vo\u013ebou. Toto je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 vo svete, ktor\u00fd je v\u00e1\u017ene vystaven\u00fd v\u00fdzvam digit\u00e1lnej transform\u00e1cie. V\u0161etci pracovn\u00edci bud\u00fa musie\u0165 viackr\u00e1t po\u010das svojej praxe z\u00edska\u0165 nov\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti a len m\u00e1lokto to urob\u00ed s bakal\u00e1rskym alebo magistersk\u00fdm titulom z univerzity.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vzdel\u00e1vanie dospel\u00fdch dostato\u010dnou alternat\u00edvou?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010co je vzdel\u00e1vanie dospel\u00fdch? Rozumiem, \u017ee na Slovensku ide o neform\u00e1lne \u010fal\u0161ie vzdel\u00e1vanie. Pod\u013ea m\u00f4jho n\u00e1zoru to v\u0161ak nesta\u010d\u00ed. Zamestnanci potrebuj\u00fa druh\u00fa alebo tretiu pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 z\u00edska\u0165 \u010fal\u0161\u00ed form\u00e1lny diplom. Form\u00e1lne kvalifik\u00e1cie s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, preto\u017ee trh pr\u00e1ce ich odme\u0148uje vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi mzdami v porovnan\u00ed s neform\u00e1lnym celo\u017eivotn\u00fdm vzdel\u00e1van\u00edm. Kvalita neform\u00e1lnych kurzov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 nevyrovnan\u00e1, \u010do s\u0165a\u017euje podnikom pos\u00fadenie ich skuto\u010dnej hodnoty. Tento probl\u00e9m neexistuje len na Slovensku, ale aj v mnoh\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch krajin\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Ako vyzer\u00e1 PVP syst\u00e9m v praxi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160tandardy a kvalita profesion\u00e1lneho vzdel\u00e1vania a pr\u00edpravy (PVP) s\u00fa stanoven\u00e9 a kontrolovan\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnou autoritou, ako je ministerstvo \u0161kolstva, ktor\u00e9 zabezpe\u010duje konzistenciu a uzn\u00e1vanie vzdel\u00e1vania v \u010dase. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ak niekto z\u00edska diplom PVP na \u00farovni EQF7, napr\u00edklad v oblasti riadenia \u013eudsk\u00fdch zdrojov, zamestn\u00e1vatelia hne\u010f poznaj\u00fa jeho hodnotu, preto\u017ee je v s\u00falade so \u0161tandardizovan\u00fdm r\u00e1mcom na n\u00e1rodnej \u00farovni.<\/p>\n

Podniky nemusia op\u00e4tovne testova\u0165 kandid\u00e1tov, preto\u017ee sa m\u00f4\u017eu spo\u013eahn\u00fa\u0165 na zabezpe\u010denie kvality ministerstvom \u0161kolstva. Programy PVP m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 form\u00e1lne akreditovan\u00e9. Podliehaj\u00fa kontrol\u00e1m kvality, \u010do je uskuto\u010dnite\u013en\u00e9 pri obmedzenom po\u010dte \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fdch programov. Naopak, hodnotenie kvality tis\u00edcov neform\u00e1lnych kurzov celo\u017eivotn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania by bolo takmer nemo\u017en\u00e9 a viedlo by k vysok\u00fdm transak\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1kladom.<\/p>\n

Ak by ste mali na\u010drtn\u00fa\u0165 pl\u00e1n pre bud\u00facnos\u0165 odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania a pr\u00edpravy v priebehu nasleduj\u00faceho desa\u0165ro\u010dia, ak\u00e9 by boli hlavn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u013eniky?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Najsk\u00f4r by som vyrie\u0161ila medzery. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci m\u00f4jho pr\u00edstupu by som spolupracovala s profesijn\u00fdmi asoci\u00e1ciami zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eov na navrhnut\u00ed siln\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu profesion\u00e1lneho vzdel\u00e1vania a pr\u00edpravy (PVP). V\u00fdhodou je, \u017ee ak n\u00e1rodn\u00fd kvalifika\u010dn\u00fd r\u00e1mec umo\u017e\u0148uje \u00farovne \u0161es\u0165, sedem a osem mimo univerzitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, m\u00f4\u017ee to v\u00fdrazne stimulova\u0165 cel\u00fd sektor. Tento pr\u00edstup z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytv\u00e1ra profesijn\u00e9 vzory v priemysle \u2013 odborn\u00edkov a mana\u017e\u00e9rov, ktor\u00ed pre\u0161li z OVP do PVP a t\u00fdm dokazuj\u00fa, \u017ee t\u00e1to cesta vedie k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm pr\u00edjmom a kari\u00e9rnemu rastu. Podporovanie takejto priepustnosti je nevyhnutn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fd k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd krok je zapojenie zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eov. To mus\u00ed \u00eds\u0165 ruka v ruke s rozvojom PVP. Profesijn\u00e9 asoci\u00e1cie zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu a mali by ma\u0165 form\u00e1lny vplyv na legislat\u00edvu \u2013 nielen pri formovan\u00ed obsahu kvalifik\u00e1ci\u00ed od \u00farovne tri po osem, ale aj pri zaviazan\u00ed sa poskytova\u0165 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti na vzdel\u00e1vanie na pracovisku. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee podniky musia prevzia\u0165 zodpovednos\u0165 za pr\u00edpravu \u0161kolite\u013eov, vybavenie pracov\u00edsk pre mlad\u00fdch \u017eiakov a dokonca investovanie do vzdel\u00e1vania, ako u\u017e bolo spomenut\u00e9. Podpora zvy\u0161ovania kvalifik\u00e1cie pracovnej sily je v ich najlep\u0161om z\u00e1ujme, najm\u00e4 ke\u010f mnoh\u00e9 eur\u00f3pske krajiny \u010delia nedostatku pracovnej sily kv\u00f4li demografick\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m. Najlep\u0161ou strat\u00e9giou je \u201en\u00e1js\u0165\u201c a udr\u017ea\u0165 si talenty \u2013 investova\u0165 do ich zru\u010dnost\u00ed, aby zostali, r\u00e1stli a stali sa produkt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edmi v r\u00e1mci podniku.<\/p>\n

Ako m\u00f4\u017eu podniky udr\u017ea\u0165 kvalifikovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov? Najm\u00e4 mlad\u00fdch pracovn\u00edkov?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pre\u017eitie a rast podniku z\u00e1vis\u00ed od toho, \u010di m\u00e1 kvalifikovan\u00fdch zamestnancov \u2014 toto je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd aspekt strategick\u00e9ho vedenia. Podniky musia pochopi\u0165, \u017ee bez dobre vy\u0161kolenej pracovnej sily nem\u00f4\u017eu zvy\u0161ova\u0165 produktivitu, \u010do je nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre efektivitu, konkurencieschopnos\u0165 a dlhodob\u00fd \u00faspech. Aby to dosiahli, musia podniky starostlivo napl\u00e1nova\u0165 svoju strat\u00e9giu pracovnej sily, najm\u00e4 pri prij\u00edman\u00ed mlad\u00fdch zamestnancov. Mnoho mlad\u00fdch profesion\u00e1lov m\u00e1 tendenciu od\u00eds\u0165 po dvoch alebo troch rokoch, preto musia podniky n\u00e1js\u0165 sp\u00f4soby, ako si udr\u017ea\u0165 najlep\u0161ie talenty. Tu prich\u00e1dza do hry siln\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia \u013eudsk\u00fdch zdrojov.<\/p>\n

\u00dasilie o udr\u017eanie zamestnancov \u010dasto zah\u0155\u0148a ponuku stimulov. Podniky m\u00f4\u017eu podpori\u0165 zamestnancov t\u00fdm, \u017ee im umo\u017enia \u010das na \u010fal\u0161ie vzdel\u00e1vanie, pokryj\u00fa \u0161koln\u00e9 alebo poskytn\u00fa in\u00e9 v\u00fdhody na podporu profesijn\u00e9ho rozvoja. \u010eal\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm pr\u00edstupom je zavedenie tzv. doh\u00f4d o druhom form\u00e1lnom diplome. Napr\u00edklad, podnik m\u00f4\u017ee investova\u0165 do form\u00e1lneho vzdelania zamestnanca s o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00edm, \u017ee ten ostane v podniku po ur\u010dit\u00fa stanoven\u00fa dobu (napr\u00edklad dva alebo tri roky) po dokon\u010den\u00ed programu. Ak od\u00edde pred\u010dasne, m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 povinnos\u0165 vr\u00e1ti\u0165 n\u00e1klady na toto vzdelanie. Tento typ dohody je be\u017enou praxou v mnoh\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch a\u00a0pom\u00e1ha podnikom zabezpe\u010di\u0165 kvalifikovan\u00fa a loj\u00e1lnu pracovn\u00fa silu.<\/p>\n

Ak by sme sa na odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie a pr\u00edpravu pozreli z helikopt\u00e9ry, ak\u00fdm smerom sa vyv\u00edja?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Krajiny, ktor\u00e9 r\u00fdchlo prij\u00edmaj\u00fa priemysel ako partnera vo vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed, s\u00fa tie, ktor\u00e9 prosperuj\u00fa, najm\u00e4 v \u00e9re digit\u00e1lnej transform\u00e1cie. Tempo technologick\u00fdch zmien je tak r\u00fdchle, \u017ee \u0161koly samotn\u00e9 nedok\u00e1\u017eu dr\u017ea\u0165 krok. Zapojen\u00edm priemyslu u\u017e v ran\u00fdch f\u00e1zach a uznan\u00edm, \u017ee pracovisk\u00e1 s\u00fa vo vzdel\u00e1vacom prostred\u00ed cenn\u00e9, pom\u00f4\u017eu \u017eiakov vybavi\u0165 zru\u010dnos\u0165ami, ktor\u00e9 sa \u0165a\u017eko nau\u010dia v triede, ako napr\u00edklad m\u00e4kk\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti a praktick\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti s najnov\u0161\u00edmi technol\u00f3giami. \u0160koly si jednoducho nem\u00f4\u017eu dovoli\u0165 neust\u00e1le investova\u0165 do najnov\u0161\u00edch inov\u00e1ci\u00ed, no podniky ich u\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa vo svojej ka\u017edodennej prev\u00e1dzke. D\u00e1ta jasne ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee krajiny, ktor\u00e9 integruj\u00fa priemysel do vzdel\u00e1vania, z\u00edskavaj\u00fa konkuren\u010dn\u00fa v\u00fdhodu. Na Slovensku u\u017e m\u00e1te siln\u00e9 z\u00e1klady: n\u00e1rodn\u00fd kvalifika\u010dn\u00fd r\u00e1mec, relevantn\u00e9 z\u00e1kony a du\u00e1lny syst\u00e9m pre OVP. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm ch\u00fdbaj\u00facim prvkom je poskytnutie silnej\u0161ej \u00falohy priemyslu. To si vy\u017eaduje form\u00e1lne uznanie v legislat\u00edve spolu s jasne zadefinovan\u00fdmi o\u010dak\u00e1vaniami a zodpovednos\u0165ami.<\/p>\n

Okrem toho, podniky potrebuj\u00fa usmernenie. Zamestn\u00e1vatelia by mali ch\u00e1pa\u0165 ekonomick\u00e9 princ\u00edpy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa za vzdel\u00e1van\u00edm na pracovisku\u2014pre\u010do niektor\u00e9 podniky investuj\u00fa do vzdel\u00e1vania, zatia\u013e \u010do in\u00e9 nie. Toto je dobre zdokumentovan\u00e1 oblas\u0165 ekonomickej te\u00f3rie a slovensk\u00e9 podniky, rovnako ako podniky v in\u00fdch eur\u00f3pskych krajin\u00e1ch, nakoniec sleduj\u00fa cie\u013e, ktor\u00fdm je generovanie zisku. Ak sa vzdel\u00e1vanie pova\u017euje za intern\u00fa invest\u00edciu \u2014 tak\u00fa, ktor\u00e1 vy\u017eaduje po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, ale prin\u00e1\u0161a dlhodob\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy \u2014 neexistuje d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do by sa podniky nemali zapoji\u0165.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ako m\u00f4\u017ee odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie a pr\u00edprava (OVP) dr\u017ea\u0165 krok s r\u00fdchlymi technologick\u00fdmi zmenami? Ak\u00fa \u00falohu by mal priemysel zohr\u00e1va\u0165 pri tvorbe u\u010debn\u00fdch osnov? \u0160vaj\u010diarska profesorka\u00a0Ursula Renold\u00a0z\u00a0ETH Z\u00fcrich, popredn\u00e1 expertka na vzdel\u00e1vacie syst\u00e9my, sa po\u010das n\u00e1v\u0161tevy Slovenska podelila o svoje znalosti v oblasti k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch strat\u00e9gi\u00ed posilnenia odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania. Viedla tu workshop s l\u00eddrami reforiem a v […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":18047,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-program-svajciarsko-slovenskej-spoluprace"],"yoast_head":"\nKrajiny, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa \u00fazku spolupr\u00e1cu medzi odborn\u00fdm vzdel\u00e1van\u00edm a priemyslom, z\u00edskaj\u00fa v bl\u00edzkej bud\u00facnosti konkuren\u010dn\u00fa v\u00fdhodu - \u0160IOV - \u0161t\u00e1tny in\u0161tit\u00fat odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/archiv.siov.sk\/en\/krajiny-ktore-podporuju-uzku-spolupracu-medzi-odbornym-vzdelavanim-a-priemyslom-ziskaju-v-blizkej-buducnosti-konkurencnu-vyhodu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Krajiny, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa \u00fazku spolupr\u00e1cu medzi odborn\u00fdm vzdel\u00e1van\u00edm a priemyslom, z\u00edskaj\u00fa v bl\u00edzkej bud\u00facnosti konkuren\u010dn\u00fa v\u00fdhodu - \u0160IOV - \u0161t\u00e1tny in\u0161tit\u00fat odborn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ako m\u00f4\u017ee odborn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie a pr\u00edprava (OVP) dr\u017ea\u0165 krok s r\u00fdchlymi technologick\u00fdmi zmenami? 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